INNOVATIVE ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND MATERIALS IN CONSTRUCTION USING 3D PRINTING FOR BUILDING CREATION

Abstract

The article analyzes the most common 3D printing methods used in modern additive construction technologies. In particular, three key methods are considered: sintering (selective laser sintering, SLS), laser stereolithography (SLA), and layer-wise extrusion (LOM). Each of these methods has its own features and advantages in the context of construction processes. The sintering method allows precise formation of objects from various materials, the laser stereolithography method ensures high accuracy and is used to create complex geometric shapes, while the layer-wise extrusion method allows efficient handling of large volumes of material. The article also emphasizes the importance of these methods for improving construction technologies and achieving greater efficiency in the manufacturing of structures. The article discusses innovative additive technologies used in construction, including Contour Crafting, Concrete Printing, and DShape. The principles of their operation, the advantages of their application compared to traditional construction methods, as well as the potential for creating complex architectural forms and reducing material and time costs, are described. In particular, the Contour Crafting technology allows the creation of large construction elements with minimal costs, Concrete Printing enables 3D printing of individual building parts, and DShape opens up possibilities for producing complex structures without the use of casting molds. The article highlights the importance of these technologies in the development of modern construction, their role in improving efficiency and reducing costs, as well as their potential in creating innovative construction solutions. Concrete was used as the material for the study, and samples were made in the form of cubes. The fractional composition of the components was determined. The concrete mix was prepared in a BSM-500 concrete mixer with a drum capacity of 500 liters. The physical and mechanical properties of the concrete were determined using 3D printing technology.